Five trade and two fishing ports of Crimea and Sebastopol desperately try to survive whereas the Kerch ferry does not work anymore. Ports lost their profitability and freight turnover as an outcome of Western sanctions and the decision of Ukraine to close ports for foreign vessels adopted in response to the occupation of Crimea and Sebastopol by the Russian Federation. The construction of the Kerch Bridge deprives Crimean ports of cargo and passengers from Russia. Moscow \u00abstrategists\u00bb recommend turning them into marina for yachts. Coastal territories of ports are likely to be occupied soon by new houses for Russians \u00abcoming\u00bb to Crimea.<\/strong><\/p>\n Before the opening of the Kerch Bridge, Crimea sea ports have been the only infrastructural objects which Russia could use to supply raw materials and goods to the occupied peninsula. They have been also very important to transport Russian occupation troops, military equipment and materials.<\/p>\n Their uniqueness required quick actions and decisions. \u00abThe State Council of the Republic of Crimea\u00bb \u00abnationalized\u00bb (expropriated) all Ukrainian enterprises and property in the sphere of sea transport on the second day after pseudo-referendum \u2013 on March 17, 2014. \u00abState Unitary Enterprise \u00abKrymskie Morskie Porty\u00bb<\/a> \\ Crimean sea ports has been set up on June 18, 2014, with its headquarters in Kerch, Yalta, Feodosia, Yevpatoria and Kerch trade ports as well as \u00abDerzhgidrografia\u00bb are its branches (without the status of independent legal entity).<\/p>\n \u00abThe Legislative Assembly of Sebastopol\u00bb created an enterprise \u00abSebastopol Port\u00bb<\/a> on the basis of the Sebastopol sea trade port and Sebastopol sea fishing port on March, 27, 2014. \u00abThe Government of Sebastopol\u00bb adopted the order \u00abAbout Creation of the State Unitary Enterprise \u00abSebastopol Sea Port\u00bb<\/a> on June, 2, 2014. This SUE included Sebastopol sea trade and fishing ports, Captain Service of the Sebastopol sea fishing port and \u00abSebastopol branch \u00abDerzhgidrografia\u00bb. That is to say, \u00abSebastopol Sea Port\u00bb included all Sebastopol sea infrastructure securing sea passenger and freight transportation.<\/p>\n The response of the government of Ukraine headed by Arsenii Yatsenuk has not been as decisive and quick as Russian actions, though, the law determining the legal status of Crimea and Sebastopol as temporarily occupied territories has been adopted early \u2013 in April 2014<\/a>.<\/p>\n The Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine issued the order \u00abAbout Closing Sea Ports of Crimea and Sebastopol\u00bb<\/a> only on June 16, 2014, though the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority (USPA) submitted the draft order two months before – on April, 1, 2014. In accordance with the ministerial order, the entrance to sea ports of Kerch, Sebastopol, Feodosia, Yalta and Yevpatoria has been closed. It has been recommended for the USPA to introduce respective amendments to the Register of Sea Ports of Ukraine and dismantle administrations of Crimean ports.<\/p>\n The State Enterprise \u00abFeodosia Enterprise to Supply Oil Products\u00bb<\/strong> has been the first to be covered by USA sanctions (16.07.2014). Before the occupation, it has been controlled by Serhii Kurchenko, \u00abyoung oligarch\u00bb, who acted for the benefit of the Yanukovych\u2019s \u00abFamily\u00bb. The Feodosia oil terminal secured the smuggling of oil products (the so-called \u00abLivela\u00bb corruption scheme).<\/p>\n The Crimean \u00abauthorities\u00bb transferred expropriated oil terminal to the illegally created \u00abState Unitary Enterprise \u00abChornomornaftogaz\u00bb in 2015. The terminal accumulated large debts and has been turned into the Joint Stock Company \u00abMorskoi neftianoi terminal\u00bb<\/a> \\ Sea oil terminal in the summer of 2019. Oil terminal together with sea terminal has been sold for 651,2 million rubles in December 2019. The buyer \u2013 Moscow JSC \u00abFirma Gunas\u00bb<\/a> \u2013 has been created in February of the same year. Valentin Dorosh, the retired colonel of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, has been its director and the only known shareholder. He has been also the head of the Municipal Unitary Enterprise \u00abRitualnye uslugi\u00bb \\ Funeral services in Russian Kursk. The Russian mass media are inclined to believe that Serhii Kurchenko<\/a> succeeded in returning the Feodosia oil terminal under his control.<\/p>\n JSC \u00abMorskoi neftianoi terminal\u00bb created on the basis of the State Enterprise \u00abFeodosia Enterprise to Supply Oil Products\u00bb. Photo: c-inform.info<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n USA, EU and Ukrainian sanctions gradually covered all enterprises illegally created by the Russian Federation on the basis of expropriated Ukrainian ports. Sanction lists are not synchronous<\/strong>. As it is known, Ukraine adopted the law \u00abAbout Sanctions\u00bb<\/a> only in August 2014. It has been applied the first time one year later. It should be also noted that sanctions of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine (NSDCU) about legal entities of the Russian Federation who seized Ukrainian ports have been enacted mainly in 2017 \u2013 two-three years later than USA and EU sanctions.<\/p>\n EU sanctions do not cover Yalta and Yevpatoria sea ports. At the same time, it is not the \u00abshortcoming\u00bb as EU sectoral sanctions restrict the entrance of ships to Crimean ports. They also contain direct ban for tourist cruise ships. As an outcome, foreign cruise tourists disappeared in Crimean ports. Popular cruise ships Azamara, Oceania Cruises, Regent Seven Seas Cruises, Windstar Cruises and MSC Cruises replaced Yalta and Sebastopol with ports of Turkey, Romania, Georgia and Bulgaria in April 2014. Numerous announcements by Russian and Crimean public officials about renewal of cruise tours and ferry routes (in particular, Yevpatoria-Zonguldak route) turned out to be false. Moreover, Russia itself did not manage to launch regular cruise tours from Russian to Crimean ports.<\/p>\n Below is the list of port enterprises of Crimea and the Russian Federation included into sanction lists of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine (NSDCU), the USA Department of Treasury and the EU Council. If applicable, we indicate changes in their status and necessary amendments. Names of legal persons are given in accordance with their state registration in Russian and Ukrainian jurisdictions.<\/p>\n 1. The State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Crimea (hereinafter referred to as SUE RC) \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb<\/a>. 2. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb – \u00abYevpatoria trade port\u00bb<\/a> (before the expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 the State Enterprise of Ukraine \u00abYevpatoria sea trade port\u00bb. 3. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb \u2013 \u00abKerch trade port\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise of Ukraine \u00abKerch sea trade port\u00bb). The Kerch trade port. Photo: Isachenko Grigoriy<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 4. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb- \u00abKerch trade port\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise by Ukraine \u00abCaptain Service of the Kerch sea fishing port\u00bb). The Kerch sea fishing port. Photo: RFE\/RL<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 5. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb \u2013 \u00abThe Kerch Ferry Line\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise \u00abState Shipping Company \u00abThe Kerch Ferry Line\u00bb). The Kerch Ferry Line. Photo: crimeaports.ru<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 6. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb \u2013 \u00abFeodosia trade port\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise of Ukraine \u00abFeodosia sea trade port\u00bb). 7. The branch of SUE RC \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb \\ \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb \u2013 \u00abYalta trade port\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise of Ukraine \u00abYalta sea trade port\u00bb). Yalta trade port. Photo: facebook.com\/SUE.RC.CSP<\/p><\/div>\n 8. State Unitary Enterprise of Sebastopol City\u00a0\u00abSebastopol sea port\u00bb<\/a> (before expropriation by the Russian Federation \u2013 State Enterprise of Ukraine \u00abSebastopol sea trade port\u00bb). In NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 15.05.2017, USA \u2013 30.07.2015, EU \u2013 25.07.2014<\/p>\n The Pier of the Sebastopol sea port in Kamyshova bay of Sebastopol. Photo: sevmp.ru<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 1. The Federal State Unitary Enterprise \u00abRosmorport\u00bb<\/a> (founders \u2013 the Federal Agency for State Property Management<\/a>, the Federal Agency for Maritime and River Transport<\/a>). 2. JSC \u00abRostovski port\u00bb<\/a> (founder \u2013 the Committee for State Property Management of Rostov oblast<\/a>). 3. The Federal state budgetary institution \u00abAdministration of Azov sea ports\u00bb<\/a>. Rostov-na-Donu port (part of the \u00abAdministration of Azov sea ports\u00bb). Photo: azovseaports.ru<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 4. LLC \u00abKerch sea port \u00abKamysh-Burun\u00bb (In Ukrainian jurisdiction \u2013 LLC \u00abKerch sea port \u00abKamysh-Burun\u00bb. In both jurisdictions founders are four LLCs from \u00abAltcom\u00bb group). 5. LLC \u00abGen Invest\u00bb. 6. LLC \u00abAnRusKrym\u00bb<\/a>. Railway ferry \u00abAnnenkov\u00bbin \u00abKrym\u00bb port (Kerch), July 7, 2018. Photo: kerch.fm<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 7. LLC \u00abPort Mechel-Temruk\u00bb<\/a> (LLC \u00abMechel-Trans\u00bb is the managing company). Port \u00abMechel-Temruk\u00bb on Taman Azov seashore, the Russian Federation. Photo: portnews.ru<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n 8. LLC PKF \u00abPort \u00abKorvet\u00bb<\/a>. Freight turnover<\/strong>. Before the occupation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the sea freight transport did not play serious role in shaping gross regional product. In 2013 only 1,9% of the freight transport has been conducted by sea in Crimea, in accordance with the data of Statistics Department of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Peculiarities of the geography of the Crimean peninsula and transport infrastructure of Crimea and Ukraine allowed satisfying the regional consumption by automobile and railway transport. In 2013 automobile transport contributed to 70,8% of the total freight traffic and railways \u2013 to 27,3%. The development of sea freight transport required complex reconstruction of ports and creating more opportunities for container transportation.<\/p>\n Crimean ports exported Ukrainian grain and metal; they also secured transit export of liquefied natural gas and oil products from Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation (Sebastopol, Kerch, Feodosia). Mass consumption goods, mainly, from Turkey, have been imported through Yevpatoria port; passenger cars \u2013 through Sebastopol port. Cruise ships visited Yalta and Sebastopol ports.<\/p>\n Being monopolist does not mean to be successful business. This is the story of expropriated Crimean ports. As an outcome of sanctions and shrinking economic activity in occupied Crimea, the volume of shipment of goods in Crimean ports fell down by four times in 2014. Occupation authorities had to admit this fact. Andrei Vasuta, one of directors of the newly created association of Crimean ports, informed that \u00abin last three years the volume of shipment of goods decreased by four times \u2013 to two million tons in 2014. The work of ports has been negatively influenced by international sanctions about Crimea. As a result, foreign ships do not enter republican harbors anymore. The Ukrainian transport blockade resulted in two times reduction of the transit shipment of goods\u00bb.<\/p>\n Number of entrances of foreign (non-Russian) ships to closed ports of Crimea falls down every year. In accordance with the official statistics of the Russian Federation, the volume of the official export and import reached the minimum level. Over 80% of all goods are transshipped in Kerch port. More to that, cabotage contributed to more than 90% of freight turnover in all Crimean ports. In other words, almost all freight turnover is going on between RF \u2013 Crimea \u2013 RF. It explains the \u00aboverload\u00bb of the Kerch port.<\/p>\n The monitoring group of the \u00abMaidan zakordonnykh sprav\u00bb Foundation (\u00abMaidan of Foreign Affairs\u00bb) and the Institute of Black Sea Strategic Studies regularly update the public register of ships violating sanctions. It is published by BlackSeaNews<\/a> portal. In accordance with monitoring results, there has been almost no entrances of foreign ships (non-Russian) to Crimean ports since the beginning of 2020<\/strong>.<\/p>\n The data of the register supplies evidence that sanctions significantly influenced the work of Crimean ports. The loss of flag, the threat of arrest for the ship, the captain and the crew make entrances to occupied Crimea too risky.<\/p>\n In accordance with open data, the reduction of the freight turnover in ports of Crimea and Sebastopol looks like this: 2016 \u2013 13,8 million tons, 2017 \u2013 11 millions, 2018 \u2013 8,7 millions, 2019 \u2013 4,3 millions (without data of Sebastopol port for the second half a year).<\/p>\n As an outcome, the revenues of enterprises fell down. Western sanctions have been the main cause of the lack of cargo for shipment during first four years of the occupation of Crimea. After 2018, the Kerch Bridge became the main \u00abcompetitor\u00bb of EU and USA sanctions.<\/p>\n When the Kerch Bridge opened in 2018 the loss of the State Unitary Enterprise \u00abKrymskye morskie porty\u00bb reached unprecedented 411,8 million rubles. Though, the enterprise has been unprofitable for years before.<\/p>\n The activity of the SUE \u00abSebastopol sea port\u00bb has been also unprofitable for years: in 2018 losses reached 188 mln rubles (the freight turnover fell down to 200 thousand tons), in 2017 \u2013 62 mln rubles, in 2015 \u2013 115 mln rubles.<\/p>\n According to \u00abPorts of Ukraine\u00bb media, in 2013 the freight turnover of Crimean trade ports has been shaped by oil and oil products (4 million tons), metals (3,2 million tons), grain (1,4 million tons), construction materials (0,75 million tons) and coal (0,54 million tons). Today the lion\u2019s share of this freight traffic disappeared. The share of the Kerch sea port drastically increased to 82% whereas the share of other ports decreased significantly.<\/p>\n According to \u00abKrymskie morskie porty\u00bb, 90% of the sea freight transport goes to ports of the Russian Federation and only 10% – to other destinations. At the same time, the foreign trade turnover of Crimea keeps falling. In comparison with 2013, it fell down by 20 times in 2019!<\/p>\n According to Eurasianet.org, the volume of export and import freight in Crimean ports (including Sebastopol) decreased from 691,8 thousand in 2017 to 642 thousand tons in 2018. Given that in 2018 the freight turnover of all Crimean ports has been 8,7 million tons, then, the export share has been less than 10%.<\/p>\n During last years food products and agricultural raw products played the main role in illegal export from Crimean ports. In 2019 they made up a bit more than half of all export from Crimea ($ 17,4 mln from total $ 33,7 mln). It is mainly the grain transported by sea to the Near East (predominantly, to Syria). According to the Russian Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, grain export from Crimea exceeded 307 thousand tons in 2019. It is mainly the wheat (210 thousand 19 tons), the barley (97 thousand 73 tons) and mustard (127 tons).<\/p>\n In April 2019 Crimea and Syria signed Memorandum on trade and economic cooperation. The Memo stipulates the launch of the joint shipping company to secure regular sea freight transport between ports of Crimea and Latakia. This plan has not been implemented by the end of 2020. Plans of the \u00abhead of Crimea\u00bb to use the expropriated fleet of \u00abChornomornaftogaz\u00bb for oil and gas exploration near Syria also failed.<\/p>\n Illegal grain export from Crimea is conducted through two private grain terminals. The first is situated in Dokovaja harbor in Sebastopol. It belongs to stevedore company \u00abAvlita\u00bb<\/strong>. Rinat Akhmetov, the Ukrainian oligarch, has been its owner through \u00abPortinvest\u00bb. (The transfer of Akhmetov\u2019s port assets to managers of his godfather Igor Krutoi and later – to the company from the Russian military industrial complex see in the report by the Center of Journalist Investigations \u00abKrutaja perevalka\u00bb<\/a> \\ \u00abCool transshipment\u00bb<\/strong>).<\/p>\n Ship Capt Abeda loads grain for Syria at Avlita terminal in Sebastopol 31.01.18 Photo: blackseanews.net<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n ABC<\/strong> grain terminal has been built<\/a> by \u00abPole-Port\u00bb company from Dnipropetrovsk on the territory of the Kerch fishing port at the beginning of 2000s. One year ago Galina Vobjachenko, Dnipro inhabitant, and Ivan Kopylov, Kerch inhabitant, have been indicated as founders of LLC \u00abZernovoi terminal ABC\u00bb in Ukrainian as well as Russian business registers. Since March 2020 Olena Vobjachenko is given by the Russian register \u00abEGRUL\u00bb as the 100% owner of the LLC. She is also founder of Russian LLC \u00abPole-Port\u00bb and \u00abPole-Port-Yug\u00bb.<\/p>\n None of companies-owners of grain terminals (\u00abAvlita\u00bb also ships the metal) registered in Russia are included into Ukrainian or Western sanction lists.<\/p>\n Products of chemical enterprises in Crimea \u2013 titanium and soda factories owned by Ukrainian oligarch Dmytro Firtash \u2013 form significant share of illegal export from closed ports of Crimea. According to the Crimean Statistics Committee, the value of the export of chemical products from Crimea reached 7,34 million USD in 2019.<\/p>\n The sea shipment of ilmenite concentrate from Ukraine to the titanium factory in Armjansk city (Armjansk branch of JSC \u00abUkrainian Chemical Products\u00bb) is known as the \u00abilmenite scheme\u00bb<\/strong>. It is one of the rudest violations of Ukrainian restrictions about Crimean ports as well as USA and EU sanctions. The essence of the ilmenite supply scheme is that some of its elements (routes) are absolutely legal and legitimate whereas the whole scheme works to avoid sanctions. Let us take an example. The ilmenite concentrate is loaded in the Ukrainian port of Illichevsk and transported to the Turkish port (Russian and Bulgarian ports were used before) where it is loaded on Russian ships. Russian ships pretend to carry it to \u00abKavkaz\u00bb port but de facto they switch off the AIC system and carry the concentrate directly to Crimea or reload it to other ships which in their turn deliver it to the Kerch port Kamysh-Burun (more detailed exposure of the scheme is presented in our report \u00abSchemes to avoid Crimean sanctions\u00bb<\/a><\/strong>).<\/p>\n For ships illegally entering Crimean ports, main instruments to avoid sanctions and minimize risk are as follows:<\/p>\n Systemic firing of the personnel<\/strong> became one of the most sensitive outcomes of the unstable situation of Crimean ports. In 2016 Petro Zaporozhets, \u00abthe deputy of the State Council\u00bb, said that there has been catastrophic situation in Crimean ports: \u00abBefore 2016 more than 1 300 people worked in Feodosia port; today only 400 people work. Around 600-700 people worked in Yevpatoria, now only 136 people\u2026 the port is paralyzed\u00bb.<\/p>\n From the very beginning it has been clear that the Kerch Bridge will cut the lion\u2019s share of revenues of Crimean ports. The automobile and railway transportation of passengers and goods is cheaper than the sea transportation. It is less dependent upon the weather.<\/p>\n In 2018 \u00abthe ministry of transport\u00bb of Crimea announced<\/a> its plans to turn trade ports into passenger ports. Western sanctions have been called the main raison. As it has been said, \u00abbefore their influence was not felt, on the opposite \u2013 they stimulated the development\u00bb. \u00abUpon the order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, given sanctions, we have to prepare the concept for the development of \u00abCrimean sea ports\u00bb. The main idea is the following: the infrastructure of Crimean sea ports should be reoriented towards recreation and passengers. It is passenger transportation and yachts\u00bb, said \u00abminister\u00bb Zakharov.<\/p>\n However, no action has been taken to implement this concept. In 2020 it has been decided to fire from April 1 over 600 workers of Kerch trade and sea ports, the Kerch ferry as well as city hospital for workers of the sea transport.<\/p>\n The Kerch Bridge. Photo: most.life<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n In September the Kerch Ferry serving the line Crimea \u2013 Caucasus has been closed for unknown period. \u00abThe reason is the lack of demand. The main activity of the Kerch Ferry has been about transportation of railway cars with cargo, passengers and automobiles. After the opening of the Kerch Bridge the demand for the sea transportation drastically fell down\u00bb, said the news announcement of \u00abAnRussTrans\u00bb.<\/p>\n The construction of the military and strategic object named \u00abThe Crimean Bridge Passage\u00bb created one more problem: the bridge negatively influenced the passability of the Kerch-Yenikale canal. The canal regularly becomes shallow and requires labour intensive dredging works which have not been conducted for years.<\/p>\n Before the occupation, the Ministry of Transport of Ukraine provided 9,5 m depth in the Kerch-Yenikale canal. In 2015 the real draft has been up to 8 meters.<\/p>\n According to the opinion of experts from the Captain Service of the Kerch port, urgent dredging works are needed. But the port has neither money nor the power to do them. It directly threatens the safety of civic and military navigation in the Kerch Strait.<\/p>\nSanctions of Ukraine, USA and EU<\/strong><\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/feodosiyskoe_predpriyatie_po_obespecheniyu_nefteproduktami.png\")
Legal persons of the Russian Federation created on the basis of appropriated Ukrainian ports in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sebastopol<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\nIn sanction lists of NSDCU \u2013 since 16.09.2015, USA \u2013 since 30.07.2016 and EU \u2013 since 16.09.2017.<\/p>\n
\nIn sanction lists of NSDCU \u2013 since 15.05.2017, USA \u2013 since 30.07.2015. It is absent in EU sanction lists.<\/p>\n
\nIn sanction lists of NSDCU- since 15.05.2017, USA \u2013 since 30.07.2015, EU \u2013 since 25.07.2014<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/kerchenskiy_torgoviy_port.png\")
\nIn sanction lists of NSDCU \u2013 since 15.05.2017, EU \u2013 since 16.09.2017. It is absent in USA sanction lists<\/strong>.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/kerchenskiy_rybniy_port.png\")
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 15.05.2017, USA \u2013 since 30.07.2015 and EU \u2013 since 16.09.2017<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/kerchenskaya_paromnaya_pereprava.png\")
\nIn sanction lists of NSDCU – since 15.05.2017, USA \u201330.07.2015, EU \u2013 16.09.2017<\/p>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 15.05.2017, USA \u2013 since 30.07.2015. It is absent in EU sanction lists<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/yaltynskiy_torgoviy_port.png\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/sevastoposkiy_morskoy_port_kamyshovaya_buxta.png\")
State and private companies of the Russian Federation related to the activity of Crimean ports:<\/strong><\/h4>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 17.10.2016. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 17.10.2016. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 19.03.2019. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/port_rostov-na-donu.png\")
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 15.05.2015.
\nIt is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong>
\nChanges:<\/strong> the legal person was liquidated and excluded from the Russian business register EGRUL on 12.12.2018).<\/p>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 17.10.2016. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong>
\nChanges:<\/strong> in August 2018 it has been renamed to LLC \u00abProizvodstvenno-transportny kompleks \u00abKerch\u00bb<\/a>. The bankruptcy case has been initiated in the Russian Federation in November 2020.<\/p>\n
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 19.03.2019. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/parom_annenkov_port_krym_treshina.png\")
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 17.10.2016. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/port_mechel-temryuk.png\")
\nIn NSDCU sanction lists \u2013 since 17.10.2016. It is absent in USA and EU sanction lists.<\/strong>
\nChanges:<\/strong> it is under liquidation since 25.12.2018 (activity stopped in January 2020). At the same time, LLC \u00abGruzovoi terminal \u00abKorvet\u00bb was registered in 2018. The sanctions are over in 2019<\/p>\nImpact of sanctions on the economy of Crimean ports<\/strong><\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/table_cargo_of_sea_trade_ports_of_crimea.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0438-\u043a\u043c\u043f2.jpg\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/sudno_Capt_Abeda.png\")
\n
Closing the ferry and massive unemployment \\ dismissal<\/strong><\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/investigator.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/kerchenskiy_most_.png\")
The safety of navigation<\/strong><\/h4>\n